The State of Translation Automation 2026 · Languages

English to Odia AI translation quality, cost and speed

What it takes to automate translation from English into Odia (Oriya) against 10 requirements in three levels: the solutions that meet them, what they cost and how fast they are, from the 2026 benchmark of 57 AI models and MT engines.

How good is AI translation from English to Odia?

Key findings on English to Odia translation

  1. 1Near missThe one-step solution on OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna misses general translation quality in Odia (Oriya) on weighted errors alone, with 23.1 weighted errors per 1,000 words, one major error and no critical error. It also misses tag handling, with 99.6% of the tags in place.See the data →
  2. 2Cost driverOn Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, the one-step solution costs $8.65 per million characters in Odia (Oriya), the two-step solution (translation + post-edit) $63.30 and the three-step solution (translation + LQA + repair) $647. Of the three, only the three-step one meets every Standard requirement.See the data →
  3. 3Model typesNone of the one-step solutions on the eight shortlisted LLMs have a critical error in Odia (Oriya), and their translations have 23.1 to 80.4 weighted errors per 1,000 words. The one on Translated Lara 2, an LLM-based MT engine, has 1 critical error and 104.8 weighted errors per 1,000 words.See the data →

Find English to Odia translation solutions for your requirements

Pick a quality level, or your own requirements, bars and constraints, to see the shortlisted solutions that meet them in Odia (Oriya), with a column for each requirement you select. Under Optimize for, choose which of them comes first: the one with the fewest total errors, the lowest cost or the shortest time. Click a column heading to sort by it.

The shortlisted solutions on 11 models, with their Intento LQA results. Total errors per 1,000 words add the weighted general translation quality errors (minor 1, major 5, critical 10) to the missed glossary terms, sentences in the wrong register, tag errors and sentences that fail gender neutrality, each counted once. Formatting counts as met or missed and does not add to the total errors. The models that did not make the shortlist have automatic scores only: the shortlist. Inconclusive: the three LQA judges agree on fewer than 90% of the sentences of the solution, so it has no general translation quality result (09-02). Gender neutrality: the Advanced requirements count the two best solutions of the language, with the gender-neutrality agent where they need it. The results of the other solutions are shown for information.

How we measure it: 11-01 · 11-02

Trade-offs in English to Odia translation

Price vs quality

Two three-step solutions (translation + LQA + repair) meet every Standard requirement in Odia (Oriya), and the one on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview has fewer errors, costs less and takes less time. It has 13.6 total errors per 1,000 words against 14.1 for the one on OpenAI GPT-5.5. It costs $647 against $703 per million characters and takes 372 against 896 seconds per 1,000 words. Optimizing for quality, cost or latency selects it.

Constraints

None of the solutions that meet every Basic requirement in Odia (Oriya) cost less than $647 per million characters. None of the one-step or two-step solutions (translation + post-edit) meet even the Basic requirements, which cover general translation quality alone. The closest two-step solution, on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, has 32.0 weighted errors per 1,000 words and costs $63.30 per million characters.

Agent effect

For the Advanced requirements, the gender-neutrality agent works with both three-step solutions. On Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview the cost goes from $647 to $1,054 per million characters and the time from 372 to 360 seconds per 1,000 words. On OpenAI GPT-5.5 the cost goes from $703 to $1,173 per million characters and the time from 896 to 909 seconds per 1,000 words. Total errors fall from 13.6 to 12.9 per 1,000 words on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview and rise from 14.1 to 15.5 on OpenAI GPT-5.5.

English to Odia translation quality levels

Optimize for
Basic requirements☆☆

Tier 2: two or more solutions, none simple

Solutions that meet them
2 (0 one-step)
Simplest solution
three-step
Fewest errors

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Lowest cost

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Shortest time

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Standard requirements☆☆

Tier 2: two or more solutions, none simple

Solutions that meet them
2 (0 one-step)
Simplest solution
three-step
Fewest errors

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Lowest cost

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Shortest time

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step

Total errors per 1,000 words
13.6
Cost per million characters
$647
Seconds per 1,000 words
372
Advanced requirements☆☆

Tier 2: two or more solutions, none simple

Solutions that meet them
2 (0 one-step)
Simplest solution
with the gender-neutrality agent
Fewest errors

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step with the gender-neutrality agent

Total errors per 1,000 words
12.9
Cost per million characters
$1,054
Seconds per 1,000 words
360
Lowest cost

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step with the gender-neutrality agent

Total errors per 1,000 words
12.9
Cost per million characters
$1,054
Seconds per 1,000 words
360
Shortest time

Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
three-step with the gender-neutrality agent

Total errors per 1,000 words
12.9
Cost per million characters
$1,054
Seconds per 1,000 words
360

Optimize for selects one of the solutions that meet the level: the one with the fewest total errors, the lowest cost or the shortest time. Where no solution meets the level, the card shows the available solution with the fewest total errors and what it misses. Total errors count every requirement with countable errors.

Quality levelTierSolutionsSimplest solutionModelTotal errors per 1,000 wordsCost per million charactersSeconds per 1,000 words
BasicTier 2: two or more solutions, none simple☆☆three-stepGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview13.6$647372
StandardTier 2: two or more solutions, none simple☆☆three-stepGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview13.6$647372
AdvancedTier 2: two or more solutions, none simple☆☆with the gender-neutrality agentGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview12.9$1,054360

One solution per level: the simplest that meets the level, the cheapest of them where several are equally simple. ★ a one-step solution, ☆ a solution with more steps or the gender-neutrality agent.

Level step-up

The two three-step solutions (translation + LQA + repair) that meet every Basic requirement, on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview and OpenAI GPT-5.5, also meet every Standard requirement. None of the one-step or two-step solutions (translation + post-edit) meet even the Basic requirements, so every level takes three steps. The Advanced level also takes the gender-neutrality agent, and with it both meet every Advanced requirement. Optimizing for quality, cost or latency selects the solution on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview at every level.

How we measure it: 11-01 · 11-02 · 08-09

English to Odia translation cost against errors

Chart data
Cost and weighted errors of the one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya)
ModelUS dollars per million charactersWeighted errors per 1,000 wordsGroup
Google Gemma 40.2479.1Misses a Standard requirement
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna1.0423.1Misses a Standard requirement
DeepSeek V3.22.2468.9Misses a Standard requirement
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)3.480.4Misses a Standard requirement
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.53.5676.5Misses a Standard requirement
Google Gemini 3.5 Flash6.4352.7Misses a Standard requirement
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview8.6535.3Misses a Standard requirement
Microsoft Translator10163.8Misses a Standard requirement
Translated Lara 224.99104.8Misses a Standard requirement
OpenAI GPT-5.526.451.7Misses a Standard requirement
Price vs quality

Among the one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya), the one on OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna has the fewest weighted errors, 23.1 per 1,000 words, and costs $1.04 per million characters. Only the one on Google Gemma 4 costs less, $0.24 per million characters, with 79.1 weighted errors per 1,000 words. The dearest, on OpenAI GPT-5.5 at $26.40 per million characters, has 51.7 weighted errors per 1,000 words, and the one on Translated Lara 2 costs $24.99 with 104.8.

How we measure it: 11-01 · 10-10

English to Odia translation requirements

Chart data
Errors per 1,000 words of the one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya), median, by requirement
RequirementMedian errors per 1,000 words
General translation quality72.7
Tag handling0.7
Gender neutrality0.7
Tone of voice0

The requirements with countable errors. Every solution with its result on each requirement: the explorer.

How we measure it: 09-09 · 09-10 · 09-11 · 09-12 · 09-18

AI models and MT engines for English to Odia translation

Chart data
Weighted errors per 1,000 words of the shortlisted one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya)
ModelWeighted errors per 1,000 words of the shortlisted one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya)Class
Microsoft Translator163.8MT engines
Translated Lara 2104.8LLM-based MT engines
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)80.4LLMs
Google Gemma 479.1Open-weight LLMs
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.576.5LLMs
DeepSeek V3.268.9LLMs
Google Gemini 3.5 Flash52.7LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.551.7LLMs
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview35.3LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna23.1LLMs

No translation into Odia (Oriya): AI21 Jamba Large 1.7 (garbage or near-empty, wrong language, wrong script, cut off part-way), Swiss AI Apertus-8B-2509 (cut off part-way, wrong language, wrong script, far too short).

Model types

Translations from the seven shortlisted LLMs other than the open-weight Google Gemma 4 meet formatting in one step. None of the one-step solutions meet it on the MT engine Microsoft Translator or on the LLM-based MT engines, Translated Lara 2 and Google Translation LLM. The four shortlisted LLMs outside our language-support criteria are DeepSeek V3.2, MoonshotAI Kimi K2.5, Google Gemma 4 and xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning). Translations from them have 68.9 to 80.4 weighted errors per 1,000 words, over what the criteria allow.

How we measure it: 00-04 · 08-15 · 23-01

How we shortlisted English to Odia translation solutions

Chart data
Scores of the models on COMET-Kiwi, Odia (Oriya)
RankModelCOMET-Kiwi (higher is better)83% confidence interval, fromtoStatus
1Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview0.8020.7930.812Shortlisted
2OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna0.8000.7900.810Shortlisted
3Google Gemini 3.5 Flash0.7990.7900.809Shortlisted
4MoonshotAI Kimi K2.50.7920.7820.802Shortlisted
5Google Gemma 40.7910.7810.801Shortlisted
6Google Translation LLM0.7910.7770.805Shortlisted
7DeepSeek V3.20.7890.7790.800Shortlisted
8OpenAI GPT-5.50.7880.7780.797Shortlisted
9Translated Lara 20.7860.7740.797Shortlisted
10xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)0.7860.7750.796Shortlisted
11z.ai GLM-50.7850.7750.796Not shortlisted
12Microsoft Translator0.7740.7650.784Shortlisted
13OpenAI GPT-4.10.7660.7550.777Not shortlisted
14Alibaba Qwen3-235B-A22B0.7610.7480.773Not shortlisted
15Google Cloud Advanced Translation API0.7540.7360.773Not shortlisted
16OpenAI gpt-oss-120b0.7540.7420.766Not shortlisted
17ModernMT Enterprise Edition0.7460.7310.762Not shortlisted
18Mistral Large 30.7440.7310.758Not shortlisted
19Mistral Medium 3.10.7300.7180.742Not shortlisted
20Anthropic Claude Opus 4.80.6570.6250.690Not shortlisted
21Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.60.6450.6140.676Not shortlisted
22Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.50.6330.6020.664Not shortlisted
23Anthropic Claude Fable 50.6280.5940.662Not shortlisted
24Anthropic Claude Sonnet 50.6270.5940.661Not shortlisted
25MiniMax M2.50.6110.5980.625Not shortlisted
26Cohere Command A Translate0.4250.3840.466Not shortlisted
27Alibaba Machine Translation API0.3380.3180.359Not shortlisted
ModelSolution complexityCOMET-Kiwi rankCOMET-KiwiShortlist
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro PreviewAdjusted LLM10.802Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
OpenAI GPT-5.6 LunaAdjusted LLM20.800Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
Google Gemini 3.5 FlashAdjusted LLM30.799Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.5Adjusted LLM40.792Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
Google Gemma 4Adjusted LLM50.791Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
Google Translation LLMAdjusted NMT60.791Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
DeepSeek V3.2Adjusted LLM70.789Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
OpenAI GPT-5.5Adjusted LLM80.788Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
Translated Lara 2Adjusted NMT90.786Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)Adjusted LLM100.786Top 10 by COMET-Kiwi
z.ai GLM-5Adjusted LLM110.785Not shortlisted
Microsoft TranslatorOff-the-shelf NMT120.774Real-time place
OpenAI GPT-4.1Adjusted LLM130.766Not shortlisted
Alibaba Qwen3-235B-A22BAdjusted LLM140.761Not shortlisted
Google Cloud Advanced Translation APIOff-the-shelf NMT150.754Not shortlisted
OpenAI gpt-oss-120bAdjusted LLM160.754Not shortlisted
ModernMT Enterprise EditionOff-the-shelf NMT170.746Not shortlisted
Mistral Large 3Adjusted LLM180.744Not shortlisted
Mistral Medium 3.1Adjusted LLM190.730Not shortlisted
Anthropic Claude Opus 4.8Off-the-shelf LLM200.657Not shortlisted
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.6Adjusted LLM210.645Not shortlisted
Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.5Adjusted LLM220.633Not shortlisted
Anthropic Claude Fable 5Adjusted LLM230.628Not shortlisted
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 5Adjusted LLM240.627Not shortlisted
MiniMax M2.5Adjusted LLM250.611Not shortlisted
Cohere Command A TranslateAdjusted LLM260.425Not shortlisted
Alibaba Machine Translation APIOff-the-shelf NMT270.338Not shortlisted
OpenAI GPT-5.6 SolAdjusted LLM—0.794Same model family as OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna
OpenAI GPT-5.6 TerraAdjusted LLM—0.796Same model family as OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna
xAI Grok 4.20 (non-reasoning)Adjusted LLM—0.785Same model family as xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)

Every model we got a translation from, as the shortlist compared it: off the shelf, without context in the request, or adjusted, with it. A model that did not make the shortlist is shown adjusted, unless off the shelf it scores higher by 0.03 or more on COMET-Kiwi. Ranks among 27 models, with each model family counted once, and the top 10 in bold. Higher is better on COMET-Kiwi. The scores rank models within this language and are not a requirement result.

How we measure it: 00-08 · 00-09

English to Odia translation cost

Quality levelCheapest solution that meets every requirement of the levelCost per million characters
BasicGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step$647
StandardGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step$647
AdvancedGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step with the gender-neutrality agent$1,054
Chart data
Cost of the shortlisted one-step solutions in Odia (Oriya)
ModelUS dollars per million charactersClass
Google Gemma 4$0.24Open-weight LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna$1.04LLMs
DeepSeek V3.2$2.24LLMs
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)$3.4LLMs
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.5$3.56LLMs
Google Gemini 3.5 Flash$6.43LLMs
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview$8.65LLMs
Microsoft Translator$10MT engines
Google Translation LLM$21.66LLM-based MT engines
Translated Lara 2$24.99LLM-based MT engines
OpenAI GPT-5.5$26.4LLMs
Chart data
Tokens per character of the translation into Odia (Oriya), by model
ModelTokens per characterClass
Mistral Large 32.107LLMs
z.ai GLM-51.983LLMs
Mistral Medium 3.11.765LLMs
Cohere Command A Translate1.623LLMs
Alibaba Qwen3-235B-A22B1.593Open-weight LLMs
MiniMax M2.51.568LLMs
Anthropic Claude Fable 51.337LLMs
Anthropic Claude Opus 4.81.332LLMs
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 51.299LLMs
Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.51.284LLMs
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.61.277LLMs
xAI Grok 4.20 (non-reasoning)1.157LLMs
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)1.152LLMs
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.51.031LLMs
DeepSeek V3.20.936LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Sol0.816LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna0.814LLMs
OpenAI GPT-4.10.809LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.50.808LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Terra0.804LLMs
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview0.617LLMs
Google Gemini 3.5 Flash0.601LLMs
Google Gemma 40.594Open-weight LLMs

How we measure it: 10-01 · 10-03 · 05-02

English to Odia translation speed

Quality levelFastest solution that meets every requirement of the levelSeconds per 1,000 words
BasicGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step372
StandardGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step372
AdvancedGoogle Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, three-step with the gender-neutrality agent360
Chart data
Time to translate 1,000 words into Odia (Oriya), by model
ModelSeconds per 1,000 wordsClass
Microsoft Translator0.3MT engines
Google Cloud Advanced Translation API0.5MT engines
ModernMT Enterprise Edition0.5MT engines
Google Translation LLM1LLM-based MT engines
OpenAI gpt-oss-120b5.4Open-weight LLMs
Alibaba Machine Translation API29MT engines
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Luna32LLMs
Translated Lara 238LLM-based MT engines
xAI Grok 4.20 (non-reasoning)54LLMs
DeepSeek V3.270LLMs
OpenAI GPT-4.170LLMs
Google Gemini 3.5 Flash75LLMs
Cohere Command A Translate79LLMs
Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.5101LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Terra128LLMs
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview129LLMs
xAI Grok 4.20 (reasoning)131LLMs
MiniMax M2.5165LLMs
Mistral Medium 3.1168LLMs
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.6169LLMs
Anthropic Claude Sonnet 5213LLMs
Anthropic Claude Fable 5251LLMs
Anthropic Claude Opus 4.8264LLMs
Mistral Large 3279LLMs
Google Gemma 4285Open-weight LLMs
MoonshotAI Kimi K2.5376LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.5379LLMs
OpenAI GPT-5.6 Sol387LLMs
Alibaba Qwen3-235B-A22B410Open-weight LLMs
z.ai GLM-52,639LLMs

Real-time models are those the shortlist counts as real-time, under 2 seconds per text across the languages we timed. The chart shows the time of each model into Odia (Oriya).

Real-time

The six real-time models in Odia (Oriya) are three MT engines, two LLM-based MT engines and the open-weight OpenAI gpt-oss-120b. On the shortlist, translations from Microsoft Translator and Translated Lara 2 meet tone of voice and have 163.8 and 104.8 weighted errors per 1,000 words, with 3 and 1 critical errors. Those from Google Translation LLM have no conclusive Intento LQA result. The fastest solutions that meet every Standard and every Advanced requirement take 372 and 360 seconds per 1,000 words.

How we measure it: 12-01 · 12-02 · 12-09

Tone of voice and gender-neutral English to Odia translation

Tone of voice
Formal register, with ଆପଣ
Gender-neutrality strategy
No grammatical gender for persons — neutral by default; only avoid gendered terms
Default gender
None where the source leaves the gender open
The two best solutionsSolutionSentences about people that are gender-neutralMeets every Advanced requirementCost per million charactersSeconds per 1,000 words
Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Previewthree-step, with the gender-neutrality agent100%✓$1,054360
OpenAI GPT-5.5three-step, with the gender-neutrality agent100%✓$1,173909
Analysis

For Odia (Oriya) we check the formal register, with ଆପଣ, and gender-neutral wording. Odia (Oriya) has no grammatical gender for persons, so a translation is neutral by default as long as it has no gendered terms, and we allow no default gender. With the gender-neutrality agent, 100% of the sentences about people are gender-neutral in the translations from both of the two best solutions, the three-step ones on Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview and OpenAI GPT-5.5.

How we measure it: 02-05 · 02-06 · 08-11 · 09-18

How confident are we in measuring English to Odia translation quality?

Confidence

For the 11 shortlisted solutions in Odia (Oriya), the median share of sentences on which the three LQA judges agree is 93.8%. With agreement that high, the Intento LQA error counts on this page carry weight. The agreement of the similarity pair of automatic metrics in Odia (Oriya) is 0.65, above its threshold of 0.46.

How we measure it: 00-07 · 07-05 · 09-02

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